BHP and GCMD Launch Multi-Feedstock Biofuel Trial for Maritime Decarbonization

The Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonisation (GCMD) and mining giant BHP have launched a pilot project to test a biofuel blend made from two different waste-based feedstocks: used cooking oil (UCO) and waste animal fats. The initiative aims to demonstrate how multi-feedstock biofuels can be integrated into existing marine fuel supply chains while supporting the shipping industry’s decarbonization goals.

The trial is being conducted aboard the Berge Lyngor, a bulk carrier owned and operated by Berge Bulk and chartered by BHP for iron ore transportation between Western Australia and China. In May, the vessel was bunkered in Singapore with a B100 biofuel blend consisting of 50% tallow-derived biodiesel supplied by HAMR Energy and 50% UCO-based biodiesel supplied by Mitsui & Co. Energy Trading Singapore.

According to GCMD, the shipping sector currently relies heavily on UCO as a feedstock for biofuel production. However, global UCO availability is approaching its projected supply limits, raising concerns about the long-term scalability of biofuels as a decarbonization solution. The inclusion of waste animal fats offers an alternative feedstock that could help expand the supply of low-carbon marine fuels.

The pilot will evaluate fuel blending, handling, storage, traceability, and operational performance under real-world conditions. Researchers will also assess potential challenges associated with different feedstocks, including oxidation stability, corrosion risks, and wax formation that could affect fuel systems.

Compared with conventional very low sulfur fuel oil (VLSFO), the biofuel blend is expected to reduce well-to-wake greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 79% per voyage. The project is also expected to provide valuable insights into future fuel certification and traceability systems, which will be increasingly important as marine biofuel supply chains incorporate a wider range of feedstocks with varying carbon footprints.

The trial is co-funded by the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore through its Maritime Innovation and Technology Fund.