New method converts high-strength organic wastewater into sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)

US scientists have developed a new method for converting high-strength organic wastewater into sustainable aviation fuel (SAF).

The method uses methane-arrested anaerobic digestion (MAAD) technology to convert high-strength organic wastewater into volatile fatty acids, which can be upgraded to SAF. Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory stated that the cost-competitive sustainable aviation fuel could reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in the aviation industry by up to 70%.

According to researchers, Argonne laboratory’s life cycle and techno-economic models were used to analyze the environmental impacts and economic viability of the SAF.

Carbon-rich wastewater from breweries and dairy farms was used as a feedstock for the technology instead of conventional sources such as oil, fat, and grease. The wastewater streams are rich in organics, and treating them with traditional wastewater treatment methods is carbon-intensive.

Though lactic acids limit the production of SAF from volatile fatty acids, The Argonne MAAD technology overcame this challenge.

Neste reports sluggish voluntary SAF demand

Neste Corp. on Oct. 24 released third quarter financial results, reporting that its renewables segment has been impacted by overcapacity and lower-than-expected voluntary demand for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). 


Heikki Malinen, president and CEO of Neste, said overcapacity in renewable fuel markets is creating pressure on margins.

Neste Corp. on Oct. 24 released third quarter financial results, reporting that its renewables segment has been impacted by overcapacity and lower-than-expected voluntary demand for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). 

With the relatively weak market for renewable products and slower-than-anticipated SAF sales, Neste’s comparable EBITDA for the third quarter was EUR 293 million, compared to EUR 1.047 billion during the same period of last year. Renewable products comparable sales margin was $341 per ton, down from $912 per ton. 

For the full year 2024, Neste expects continued market volatility. Renewable products sales volumes, however, are expected be up when compared to last year, reaching approximately 3.9 million metric tons. SAF is expected to account for 350,000 to 550,000 metric tons of that volume. The full-year average comparable sales margins for renewable products is expected to be the range of $360 to $480 per ton. 

According to the company, renewable products’ full-year sales volume is impacted by the planned maintenance shutdowns and the ramp up timeline of Martinez Renewables joint operation. Singapore’s new line is scheduled to have an eight-week maintenance shutdown in the fourth quarter, after which full capacity is expected to be reached. The Martinez facility is targeted to be able to run at 100% by the end of the year. Neste also noted it optimizes its production capacity utilization in renewable products according to the market situation. SAF sales are expected to increase towards the end of the year.

Crude palm oil futures rise on lower exports

Malaysian palm oil futures rose to their highest level in more than two years on Wednesday, fuelled by an expected drop in production.

The benchmark palm oil contract for January delivery on the Bursa Malaysia Derivatives Exchange closed 100 ringgit higher at 4,486 ringgit a tonne.

Philippines implements B3 mandate

The Philippines on Oct. 1 increased its coco-methyl ester (CME) biodiesel mandate from B2 to B3, according to a report filed with the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service’s Global Agricultural Information Network. The mandate is scheduled to increase to 4% in October 2025 and 5% in October 2026. 

The move to a B3 mandate is the first time the Philippines has raised its biodiesel blend since 2007. The new mandate, implemented on Oct. 1, 2024, requires a 3% blend of CME for all diesel fuel sold nationwide. The report explains that when blended with diesel, CME, a fatty acid ester produced from coconut oil, turns into coco-biodiesel. 

The move to a B3 blend is expected to create additional demand for coconut farmers, biodiesel producers and other stakeholders in the coconut industry. The report estimates that 900 million additional coconuts will be needed to produce the 100-120 million liters (26.42-31.7 million gallons) of additional CME needed to satisfy a 1% increase CME blend. 

Indonesia to make B40 biodiesel mandatory by 2025

Indonesia plans to make the use of B40 biodiesel (containing 40% palm oil) mandatory from 1 January 2025, a senior official from the country’s energy ministry has said. The move pushed palm oil prices to recent peaks.

Indonesia’s energy ministry estimates that the B40 directive, once implemented, will increase biodiesel consumption to 16 million cubic metres by 2025, up from 13 million cubic metres projected for this year. The Indonesian Biofuel Producers Association previously estimated that the B40 Directive would increase the amount of palm oil used for biodiesel in Indonesia to 13.9 million tonnes in 2025 from 11 million tonnes this year.

KKR to acquire 25% stake in Eni’s biofuels unit for €2.9bn

Oct. 24,Italian energy group Eni said Thursday that U.S. fund KKR will buy a 25 percent stake in its biofuels unit Enilive for a deal consideration of 2.938 billion euros. KKR’s investment improves the capital structure of Eni Group and reduces its net financial position, while ensuring that Eni continues to consolidate and control Enilive.

Canadian Business Aviation Association joins SAF campaign group

Canadian Business Aviation Association (CBAA) as a formal member of the growing sustainability advocacy campaign focused on advancing the business aviation industry’s commitment to reaching net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.

The partnership was announced at the 2024 NBAA Business Aviation Convention & Exhibition (NBAA-BACE) in Las Vegas.The announcement comes one year after the advocacy initiative launched at the 2023 edition of NBAA-BACE.

Vale Signs Agreement with Petrobras to Develop Renewable Diesel and B24 Biofuel

The Brazilian mining company Vale and Petrobras announced Oct. 18 the signing of a strategic-alliance agreement to supply products with a focus on competitiveness and advancing the decarbonization agenda.

This agreement, which reflects the natural evolution of the protocol of intentions signed by the companies in September 2023, establishes conditions for testing and potentially marketing three strategic products: coprocessed diesel with renewable content, natural gas, and bunker fuel with 24 percent renewable content.

Raised $3 million to advance its SAF technology

Unifuel Technologies (Unifuel) announced on 22 October that it has closed a $3 million financing round for its Flexiforming technology, which the company says can reduce SAF production costs by up to 50 per cent and associated carbon emissions by up to 75 per cent.

The seed round, led by TO VC with participation from Alchemist Accelerator, Claire Technologies and World Star Aviation, will support advances in the company’s proprietary Flexiforming process and help establish lab space in Texas for SAF sample production.